Occupational Health
Akbar Ahmadi Asour; Fatemeh Fasih Ramndi
Volume 28, Issue 5 , November and December 2021, , Pages 634-649
Abstract
Introduction: Emerging Covid-19 disease has been described as an occupational disease especially for healthcare professionals. The aim of this study was to investigate the risk factors affecting the prevalence of Covid-19 disease in healthcare workers (HCWs).
Materials and Methods: In this review ...
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Introduction: Emerging Covid-19 disease has been described as an occupational disease especially for healthcare professionals. The aim of this study was to investigate the risk factors affecting the prevalence of Covid-19 disease in healthcare workers (HCWs).
Materials and Methods: In this review study, indexed studies from December 2019 to January 2021 with the keywords such as Covid-19, Coronavirus, Healthcare and Risk Factor were searched in the electronic databases of Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus and Google Scholar. Based on the search results 22 studies were included in the study.
Results: The risk factors for the outbreak of this disease among HCWs can be divided into 5 groups, including psychological, underlying, occupational, social and disease transmission risk factors. HCWs, as a high-risk group, in direct or indirect exposure to patients or infectious substances, they have a large share in transmitting the disease to others. For example, the probability of transmission from physicians to family members is 20.8% and to others is estimated at 25%. An important factor in the transmission of the disease is distance. Distances <20 cm in routine examinations and <5 cm in detailed examinations by physicians provide the potential for high transmission of the disease to ophthalmologists. Age, lack of hand care, comorbidities and autoimmunity, poor sleep quality, work stress, lack of PPE, workload and close contact to COVID-19 disease have been identified as risk factors for the transmission the disease.
Conclusion: HCWs, can by observing health tips and educating patients, will play an important role in controlling COVID-19 disease.
Mahmoud Mohammadyan; Akbar Ahmadi Asour; Milad Pouransari; Rahim Akrami; Davood Soroosh; Seyyed Mehdi Razavi
Volume 27, Issue 1 , May and June 2020, , Pages 65-72
Abstract
Background:There are many chemicals in Portland cement including crystalline Silica. Workers’ exposure to cement airborne particles containing Free Crystal Silica may cause some serious diseases. This study was carried out to evaluate Free Crystal Silica particle concentration in the workers’ ...
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Background:There are many chemicals in Portland cement including crystalline Silica. Workers’ exposure to cement airborne particles containing Free Crystal Silica may cause some serious diseases. This study was carried out to evaluate Free Crystal Silica particle concentration in the workers’ breathing zone in a cement factory in the Khorasan Razavi province.Materials and Method:The concentration of free Crystal Silica of respirable cement particles was evaluated on 42 sample of workers in different sections of a cement factory in the Khorasan Razavi province in 2018. Sampling of respirable particles was conducted based on standard method of MDHS101/2 recommended by NIOSH, using a personal sampling pump, a cyclone and a filter. Filters were weighed using an accurate microbalance with one microgram precision. Filter was analyzed by XRD method for determination of free crystalline silica. Results:The mean workers’ exposure to cement respirable particles was 3.75±4.09 mg/m3 and the average concentration of free silica in cement respirable particles was 0.12±0.3 mg/m3 in all studied sections. On average, 69 percent of workers were exposed to free silica higher than OEL. Maximum average of exposure to free silica (0.54 mg/m3) was observed in stone crushing section and the minimum average exposure was observed in Raw mill section (0.03 mg/m3).Conclusions:Workers exposure to respirable cement particles and free crystalline silica in respirable particles were higher than national and international exposure limits. There is a relationship between temperature and respirable particle concentration. Regarding high exposure of workers to free crystalline silica respirable particle concentration.
Aging
Mina Madadzadeh; Akbar Ahmadi Asoor; Majid Fallahi; Zahra Sharifi
Volume 25, Issue 6 , November and December 2018, , Pages 741-748
Abstract
Background : The growing number of elderly people in the world has made them a special care provider. Caregivers of these people are more likely to experience problems like musculoskeletal disorders than other occupations. The aim of this study was to determine the risk of musculoskeletal complications ...
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Background : The growing number of elderly people in the world has made them a special care provider. Caregivers of these people are more likely to experience problems like musculoskeletal disorders than other occupations. The aim of this study was to determine the risk of musculoskeletal complications and its related factors among carers of nursing homes in Sabzevar in 1395.Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional descriptive-analytical study, the work status of 40 mothers and 15 parents of the nursing home in Sabzevar, which was responsible for moving and caring for the elderly, was conducted through a census And was evaluated using the REBA posture assessment tool and Nordic questionnaire in 1395. Data were analyzed by SPSS software version 19 and descriptive tests, t-test at a significant level of 0.05.Results: The mean of working experience in the subjects was 5 ± 1 year and the prevalence of total musculoskeletal disorders was 64%. The incidence and pain in different areas of the body were related to knees with 80% and then back 70% and wrist 52.5% and neck 42.5%, and knees 41.7%, waist 33.3% and wrists 3.8% respectively. Also, there was a significant correlation between sex and age with neck pain, age with back pain, type of work and resting activity with erythema score (P≤0.05).Conclusion: The results of this study indicated the condition of the nursing home staff of Sabzevar is poor. Therefore, by improving the level of awareness of patriarchs and mothers, their working status can be corrected.
mahmoud mohammadyan; milad pouransari; reza ali mohammadpour tahmtan; Seyyed Mehdi Razavi; Akbar Ahmadi Asoor
Volume 25, Issue 3 , July and August 2018, , Pages 379-387
Abstract
Introduction: Considering the great importance of the workforce’s wellbeing as well as the employment of a large number of workers in the in the cement industries in Iran, the current study was carried out in the aim of evaluation of the respirable dust concentrations in the workers breathing zone ...
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Introduction: Considering the great importance of the workforce’s wellbeing as well as the employment of a large number of workers in the in the cement industries in Iran, the current study was carried out in the aim of evaluation of the respirable dust concentrations in the workers breathing zone in a cement factory in Khorasan Razavi province.Materials and Methods: In this study, respirable particle concentration was evaluated in the breathing zone of 70 workers in a cement factory who were working at different work sites in the cement factory processes. The standard methodology of 0600 recommended by the US NIOSH was followed to determine respirable dust concentration using a personal sampling pump, aluminum cyclone and pvc filter. Results: The average respirable dust concentration was 3.9 mg/m3 for all workers that means 77% of workers were exposed to respirable cement particles higher than. The maximum mean concentration of respirable particles in the workers breathing zone was found in the cement grinding site 9.3 mg/m3 and the minimum one was measured in the stone crushing and mining site 1.8 mg/m3.Conclusion: The average concentration of respirable dust concentration in the workers’ breathing zone was higher than OEL in both warm and cold climates. The warm weather and the wind comes from the desert and dry areas contribute to the increase of the concentration of respirable particles in the breathing zone of the workers in various parts of the plant who are exposed to the naturally ventilated air.
Ramezanali Khamirchi; MohammadHasan Rakhshani; Ali Malihi; Hamid Mehri; Akbar Ahmadi Asour
Volume 21, Issue 5 , September and October 2014, , Pages 942-950
Abstract
Background and Purpose: Traditional baker’s occupation is a complex of long repetitive tasks and movements with high intensity which exposes the baker into musculoskeletal disorders. The aim of this study was a detailed analysis of risk factors leading to the incidence of musculoskeletal disorders ...
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Background and Purpose: Traditional baker’s occupation is a complex of long repetitive tasks and movements with high intensity which exposes the baker into musculoskeletal disorders. The aim of this study was a detailed analysis of risk factors leading to the incidence of musculoskeletal disorders in Sabzevar bakers.
Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted on 70 traditional bakers in Sabzevar, Iran who were selected by simple random sampling. First, the prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders was determined using Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire; then, Rapid Upper Lumbar assessment (RULA) was used for assessing postures to obtain final scores. Data were analyzed using R software (version R2.15.2).
Results: Based on the findings, the average age and work experience of bakers were 19.4 and 36.4 years respectively. The most symptomatic risk factors were related to shoulder (%56.8) and knees (50%). In assessing Rapid Upper Lumbar assessment (RULA), 33.34% of personnel (correction level 4) obtained 7, and 55% obtained 5 and 6 (with Corrective level 3). Non-parametric showed significant correlation between the musculoskeletal disorders and age (p = 0.02) and work experience (p = 0.03) (confidence level 95%). In other words, bakers with older age and more work experience suffered from more disorders
Conclusion: Based on the results, a significant percentage of traditional bakers work in an ergonomically unsafe environment (%88.3), and the frequency of musculoskeletal disorders is high in this population; this requires urgent ergonomic and managerial action.
Akbar Ahmadi Asour; Mohammad Hossein Saghi; Ramezanali Khamirchi; Tahereh Vaziri; Ayyob Rastegar
Volume 20, Issue 2 , May and June 2013, , Pages 222-229
Abstract
Introduction: Unnecessary use of chemical manure in order to increase the crop production, particularly in the agricultural sector, causes environmental damages and disorder in terms of soil fertility. In the manure preparation method through the biogas, organic manure of high quality can be produced ...
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Introduction: Unnecessary use of chemical manure in order to increase the crop production, particularly in the agricultural sector, causes environmental damages and disorder in terms of soil fertility. In the manure preparation method through the biogas, organic manure of high quality can be produced in addition to obtaining gas. The purpose of this study is to examine the physical as well as chemical properties of the manure produced by the combined wastes of livestock and poultry using biogas system.
Research method: In order to put the pilot project into operation, livestock and poultry wastes were primarily collected and were added to the planned pilot in a proportional ratio of 1:2. After about two months, the produced gas was measured and the parameters of the manure were analyzed according to the pilot sample and subsequently, they were compared with the existing standards. Using EXCEL, the gathered data were analyzed.
Results: PH rate obtained from the manure was estimated to be 7.2. Reportedly, the electrical conductivity of the sample was equal to 29.53 ml. Siemens/cm. and the humidity was 5%. The organic compounds in the sample were 8.19% and ash was 8.58%. Furthermore, the rate of the organic carbon for the sample was 40% and the size of the uniformed particles was of the highest mesh, i.e. 50. The manure obtained has a phosphorous concentration of 1 mg/l and the sodium concentration obtained were 94 mg/l and potassium 74 mg/l.
Discussion and conclusion: Findings indicate that the rate of organic materials, phosphorus, ash and organic carbon are consistent with the standards set by WHO. With regard to low cost, availability, being danger-free and enriched as well as the simultaneous use of the gas produced, the manure obtained through the biogas can be considered a suitable kind of manure for agriculture.
Akbar AhmadiAsoor; yaser Tabaraee; Ahmad Allahabadi
Volume 19, Issue 4 , January and February 2013, , Pages 390-394
Abstract
Background: Many diseases are triggered depending on the condition of the building environment. Purpose of this study was to investigate the incidence of sick building symptoms in office staff of Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences . Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, all the office ...
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Background: Many diseases are triggered depending on the condition of the building environment. Purpose of this study was to investigate the incidence of sick building symptoms in office staff of Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences . Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, all the office staff of Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences building condition surveyed by using a standard questionnaire for signs of disease. Results: The results showed that during the last year of the 69 people surveyed, about 62.7% at work feeling tired and 27.1% with vertigo and 24.28% felt sleepy, while approximately 95% of people stated that after leaving Work the symptoms disappeared. Average concentration of Carbon monoxide has been 3.4 ppm and sulfur dioxide with an average 0.027 ppm . Conclusion: Note that the measured concentrations of carbon monoxide , sulfur dioxide increasingly been far too low and Prevalence rate of illness among staff in the building haven't been of a high percentage, Therefore it can be concluded that the building was not sick building and prevalence symptoms of sick Building in the headquarters staff of Medical Sciences of Sabzevar is not significant.
Ahmad Allahabadi; Akbar Ahmadi Asoor
Volume 18, Issue 2 , July and August 2011, , Pages 140-147
Abstract
Background and Purpose: Photochemical smogs، CO، NO2 and SO2 are among the major air pollutants with known effects and complications. The present study was designed to investigate the density of these pollutants in Sabzevar، Iran.
Methods and Materials: this descriptive cross-sectional study intended ...
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Background and Purpose: Photochemical smogs، CO، NO2 and SO2 are among the major air pollutants with known effects and complications. The present study was designed to investigate the density of these pollutants in Sabzevar، Iran.
Methods and Materials: this descriptive cross-sectional study intended to measure the air pollutants in different parts of Sazbevar، Iran. Sampling was done with stratified time sampling based on NIOSH 4800 and 6004 methods for SO2 and NO2، and method 6604 for CO. Sampling instruments included pump (debi 5 L/min)، impinger، detector tube and ratameter. Based on traffic intensity، four points in the city were located and observe for 12 months، three day a month and three times per day; total sample swere 324. Data analyssi was done in SPSS 16 usingdescriptive measures as well as Pearson correlation coefficient ad one-sample t-test.
Results: Significantly highest rate of CO intensity was observed in Mordad (August) (64.1 mg/m3) and Esfand (March) (63.11 mg/m3) (P